Auditory Brainstem Implants: A Different Approach to Hearing Restoration

A cochlear implant (CI) is a well-known solution for individuals with cochlear damage, either due to missing hair cells or a malformed cochlea. However, auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) are a distinct and innovative approach that differs significantly from traditional cochlear implants.

In this article, we will delve into the history, clinical protocols, and emerging trends in the field of ABIs, including their application in pediatric populations. With over 30 years of experience at New York University's Cochlear Implant Center, Dr. Shapiro is one of a handful of audiologists who specialize in working with ABI patients.

The story of ABIs began in the late 1970s, when the first implant was performed at the House Ear Institute. Initially developed for adults with neurofibromatosis type 2, ABIs were designed to bypass damaged hair cells and directly stimulate the auditory nerve. Since then, the technology has evolved, and ABIs have been approved for use in children.

In contrast to cochlear implants, which rely on the presence of healthy hair cells, ABIs are indicated for individuals with congenital cochlear or nerve VIII anomalies. With the FDA approving clinical trials for pediatric patients in 2013, ABIs have become a viable option for children who do not respond to traditional hearing aids.

Dr. Shapiro's extensive experience in working with over 60 ABI patients, including many pediatric cases, has provided valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities presented by this innovative technology. As we continue to advance our understanding of ABIs and their applications, it is essential to have experts like Dr. Shapiro share their knowledge and expertise.

This article aims to provide an overview of the auditory brainstem implant, its history, and its clinical protocols, as well as highlight emerging trends in the field. Whether you are a seasoned audiologist or new to the world of ABIs, this article will serve as a valuable resource for understanding this unique and promising technology.

Auditory brainstem implant